{"id":14187,"date":"2026-03-22T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-22T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bvndgiadinh.org.vn\/?p=14187"},"modified":"2026-03-20T15:54:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T08:54:59","slug":"su-nguy-hiem-cua-benh-do-nao-mo-cau-va-cach-phong-ngua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bvndgiadinh.org.vn\/?p=14187","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef0 NGUY HI\u1ec2M C\u1ee6A \u201cB\u1ec6NH DO N\u00c3O M\u00d4 C\u1ea6U\u201d V\u00c0 C\u00c1CH PH\u00d2NG NG\u1eeaA"},"content":{"rendered":"
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B\u1ec6NH N\u00c3O M\u00d4 C\u1ea6U L\u00c0 G\u00cc?<\/strong>
B\u1ec7nh n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u do vi khu\u1ea9n Neisseria meningitidis g\u00e2y ra, l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nhanh, \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh th\u1ea7n, \u0111i\u1ebfc, khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt do m\u1ea5t chi. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 5-15%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ban xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, tuy nhi\u00ean hai tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1t cao v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ban xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed (ban m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eabm, k\u00e8m ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc) \u1edf h\u00f4ng, chi d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 lan to\u00e0n th\u00e2n.
B\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n (h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft m\u0169i, h\u1ea7u, h\u1ecdng b\u1eafn ra t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang vi khu\u1ea9n) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch.
B\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i, thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean t\u1eeb 14 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.
CA B\u1ec6NH TH\u1ef0C T\u1ebe C\u1ea2NH B\u00c1O NGUY C\u01a0 B\u1ec6NH N\u00c3O M\u00d4 C\u1ea6U<\/strong>
Theo th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1eeba qua \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh nam (21 tu\u1ed5i) nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u01a1 m\u01a1, s\u1ed1t cao, n\u1ed5i ban xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed \u1edf 2 tay, b\u1ee5ng, 2 ch\u00e2n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 3 ng\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, \u0111au h\u1ecdng, t\u1ef1 mua thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m. Ng\u00e0y anh nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n, s\u1ed1t t\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ban xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed. Qua th\u0103m kh\u00e1m, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 nghi ng\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o do n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, ch\u1ecdc d\u00f2 t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho vi khu\u1ea9n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh soi vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 PCR d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u (Neisseria meningitidis).
\u00a0<\/strong>
C\u00c1CH PH\u00d2NG NG\u1eeaA HI\u1ec6U QU\u1ea2: CH\u1ee6 \u0110\u1ed8NG TI\u00caM V\u1eaeC-XIN PH\u00d2NG B\u1ec6NH N\u00c3O M\u00d4 C\u1ea6U<\/strong>
Ti\u00eam ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u an to\u00e0n?<\/strong>
Trung t\u00e2m ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng, B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng an to\u00e0n, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng cho m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i.
Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i V\u1eafc-xin n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u \u0111ang l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh:<\/strong>
1. V\u1eafc-xin vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m B (Bexsero)<\/p>\n\n\n

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V\u1eafc-xin Bexsero l\u00e0\u00a0v\u1eafc-xin n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u\u00a0nh\u00f3m B th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi do h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi GSK s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u00dd v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 phi\u00ean m\u00e3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. L\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eafc xin t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p 4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean protein n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m B (NHBA, Nad, fHbp, OMV), v\u1eafc xin Bexsero cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ed5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng.
\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: B\u00e9 t\u1eeb 2 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn 50 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 95%
L\u1ecbch ti\u00eam v\u1eafc xin Bexsero c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:
Tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 2 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i:\u00a02 m\u0169i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch nhau 02 th\u00e1ng, m\u0169i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i sau m\u0169i 2 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 6 th\u00e1ng khi tr\u1ebb >=12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i.
Tr\u1ebb tr\u00f2n 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i:\u00a02 m\u0169i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch nhau 02 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u0169i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i sau m\u0169i 2 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 2 th\u00e1ng khi tr\u1ebb >= 12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i.
Tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb tr\u00f2n 1 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 tu\u1ed5i:\u00a02 m\u0169i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch nhau 02 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u0169i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i sau m\u0169i 2 l\u00e0 12 th\u00e1ng.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb 2 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn 50 tu\u1ed5i:\u00a02 m\u0169i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch nhau 01 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. V\u1eafc-xin vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m B+C (VA-Mengoc BC)<\/p>\n\n\n

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V\u1eafc-xin VA-Mengoc BC l\u00e0 v\u1eafc-xin ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o do n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m B, C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Finlay Institute nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Cuba v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00fai m\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eafc-xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m B+C t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1980 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.
\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn 45 tu\u1ed5i.
L\u1ecbch ti\u00eam v\u1eafc xin VA-Mengoc BC bao g\u1ed3m 2 m\u0169i c\u00e1ch nhau 6-8 tu\u1ea7n.
V\u1eafc xin VA-Mengoc BC ch\u1ee9a 1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00f3m B, ph\u1ed5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi v\u1eafc xin Bexsero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. V\u1eafc-xin vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m A, C, Y, W (Menactra)<\/p>\n\n\n

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V\u1eafc-xin Menactra l\u00e0 v\u1eafc xin ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh do vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m A, C, Y, W-135 do h\u00e3ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c uy t\u00edn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Sanofi Pasteur s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9.
\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 9 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn 55 tu\u1ed5i.
L\u1ecbch ti\u00eam:
Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:
Tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 9 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 23 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i ti\u00eam 2 li\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch nhau 3 th\u00e1ng.
Tr\u1ebb tr\u00f2n 24 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 55 tu\u1ed5i ti\u00eam 1 li\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t.
Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i:
Li\u1ec1u nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u00f3m tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 15-55 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh do n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1u ti\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 4 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ec7nh n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn nhanh v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong cao n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec7nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng v\u1eafc-xin.
Vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang l\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y lan trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.
Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/strong>
\ud83d\udd39 Trung t\u00e2m Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng (C\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh) – C\u1ed5ng 1, 1 N\u01a1 Trang Long, ph\u01b0\u1eddng Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, TP.HCM<\/strong>
\u260e\ufe0f \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: 028 3841 2692, b\u1ea5m 113
\ud83d\udd39 Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng 122 (C\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh) – Khoa Kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh, l\u1ea7u 1<\/strong>
\u260e\ufe0f \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: 028 3841 2692, b\u1ea5m 533
\ud83d\udd39 Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng (C\u01a1 s\u1edf 2, chi nh\u00e1nh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n), 125 L\u00ea L\u1ee3i, ph\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ebfn Th\u00e0nh, TP.HCM<\/strong>
\u260e\ufe0f \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: 028 3821 6589
\u00a0
\u00a0
\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ec6NH N\u00c3O M\u00d4 C\u1ea6U L\u00c0 G\u00cc?B\u1ec7nh n\u00e3o m\u00f4 c\u1ea7u do vi khu\u1ea9n Neisseria meningitidis g\u00e2y ra, l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nhanh, \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh th\u1ea7n, 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